Connection to Peers
 
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SOMEBODY TO LEAN ON
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February 2025

High school is such an important time for building strong friendships. Teens rely on their peers not just for fun and connection but also for emotional support as they figure out who they are and what they want in life. Having good friends can boost confidence, help them handle stress, and even encourage healthy choices. As parents, understanding the value of these relationships and supporting your teen‘s social growth can make a big difference in helping them navigate the challenges of this developmental stage.


FRIENDSHIP AS A PROTECTIVE FACTOR
A protective factor refers to a condition or attribute that reduces the likelihood of negative outcomes in a person’s life. Positive peer relationships can act as a protective factor during challenging times. For example, a positive friendship can offer emotional support during stressful situations, reducing the likelihood of loneliness or anxiety. Below are some specific ways positive peer relationships act as protective factors:
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Academic Encouragement
  • Peers with a focus on academic achievement can inspire others to set goals, stay on track, and perform better.
  • Study groups or shared academic goals encourage consistent effort and discipline.

Support During Transitional Challenges
  • High school can be stressful due to academic pressure and personal growth. Positive friendships provide emotional support, reducing anxiety and depression.
  • Friends offer a safe space for teens to explore and affirm their  developing identities.
Reinforcement of Positive Norms
  • Friends who prioritize good habits, such as regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and avoiding risky behaviors, encourage similar choices.
  • Teens with supportive and positive peer groups are less likely to engage in harmful behaviors, such as substance use or unsafe relationships.
Social Skill Development
  • Peers provide opportunities to practice more complex interpersonal skills, such as collaboration, leadership and conflict resolution.
  • Exposure to different viewpoints within positive friendships broadens understanding and empathy.
Resilience Building
  • Positive friendships foster resilience by providing a network of people to rely on during tough times, reducing feelings of loneliness.
  • Fun and relaxing activities with friends act as a healthy outlet for stress.
Sense of Belonging and Inclusion
  • Feeling included in a group helps teens develop a sense of belonging, which is critical for self-esteem and mental health.
  • Positive peer interactions help mitigate feelings of loneliness and isolation common in adolescence.

Preparation for Adult Relationships
  • Healthy friendships teach teens how to handle disagreements constructively.
  • Working together with peers in extracurricular activities or group projects prepares teens for collaboration in the workplace or higher education.
 
Promotion of Emotional Intelligence
  • Close relationships foster an understanding of others‘ emotions and experiences.
  • Peer feedback helps adolescents recognize and regulate their own emotional responses.
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LONELY TEENS
In recent years, more Canadian students have reported feelings of loneliness and isolation. In 2023, 18.6% of students reported always feeling lonely, and 38.5% sometimes felt lonely—both figures exceeding the national average by over 5%. Behind these statistics are students facing challenges such as:
Social Media Overuse: Excessive social media use reduces face-to-face interactions and fosters loneliness. Studies show limiting social media to 10 minutes daily decreases loneliness and depression.

Schoolwork: As workloads increase, students often sacrifice hobbies, social activities, and sleep, leading to greater loneliness.

Limited Socialization Outside School: Many students only socialize at school. By 2010, only 32% of boys and 25% of girls spent time with friends outside school multiple times per week, a steep decline from previous decades.
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Lack of Friendships: Strong friendships are crucial for emotional support, yet only 22.9% of boys and 35.2% of girls in Canada report having adequate social support from friends.
Loss of Friendships: Losing close friendships is especially isolating. Research shows only 1% of friendships formed in Grade 7 last until Grade 12, with most ending within a year.
Supporting teens who are experiencing loneliness requires targeted strategies that address their emotional, social, and developmental needs. With consistent support and opportunities to connect, they can build meaningful relationships. Following are some suggested strategies:
Encourage Open Communication
  • Foster an environment where students feel comfortable expressing their emotions without judgment.
  • Pay close attention, validate their feelings, and avoid minimizing their experiences.
  • Ask thoughtful questions like, “Who do you enjoy spending time with?” or “What would make school feel more fun for you?”
This consistent connection helps teens feel valued and supported, which can alleviate feelings of loneliness.
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Build Confidence and Social Skills
  • Role-play conversations or situations to help them feel more comfortable initiating interactions.
  • Highlight their talents and interests, which can become conversation starters or lead to connections.
  • Provide tips like making eye contact, asking open-ended questions, or finding common interests with peers.
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Promote Opportunities for Social Interaction
  • Encourage them to join clubs, sports teams, or volunteer groups that align with their interests.
  • Help organize informal meet-ups with peers, such as study groups or game nights.
  • Pair them with peer mentors, or teachers who can provide guidance and friendship.
Strengthen Emotional Resilience
  • Help them reframe negative thoughts about themselves or social situations.
  • Introduce mindfulness, journaling, or creative outlets as tools to manage feelings of loneliness.
  • Remind them that feeling lonely is common and temporary, especially during transitions like entering high school.
Encourage Digital and Real-Life Balance
  • Help them limit excessive social media use, which can sometimes worsen feelings of loneliness.
  • Encourage face-to-face interactions through shared activities or hobbies.
Foster a Sense of Belonging
  • Advocate for group projects at school or team-building exercises that mix students together.
  • Encourage them to explore their passions, which can connect them with like-minded peers.
  • Acknowledge their efforts to engage socially, no matter how small.

Lead by Example
  • Demonstrate positive social behaviors, like empathy, kindness, and active listening.
  • Relate personal stories of overcoming loneliness to help them feel less isolated.
  • Encourage family activities that strengthen bonds and provide emotional support.
 
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Monitor and Address Underlying Issues
  • Be attentive to signs of withdrawal, declining academic performance, or persistent sadness, which could indicate deeper issues.
  • Work with counselors or mental health professionals to provide additional support.
  • If loneliness persists or worsens, suggest seeing a therapist who specializes in adolescent issues. 
ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
Romantic relationships and consent in high school are important topics that involve understanding emotions, boundaries, communication, and respect. Talking about consent might not feel comfortable, but it‘s one of the most important conversations you can have with your teen. By approaching the topic openly and without judgment, you create a safe space for your teen to learn and ask questions. 
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WHAT IS CONSENT?

Key elements of consent include:
  • Consent must be actively given through a clear and enthusiastic "yes." It cannot be implied or assumed
  • Saying "yes" to one activity doesn't mean agreement to others; each act requires its own consent
  • Consent can be withdrawn at any time, and a "no" should be respected  immediately
  • Consent cannot be given if someone feels pressured, coerced, or manipulated into agreeing
  • Consent cannot be given if someone is under the influence of drugs or alcohol, as their judgment may be impaired
  • All parties must have full knowledge of what they are consenting to
  • Consent cannot be given by someone who is below the legal age of consent
  • Both parties must agree to the activity; it must be a mutual decision without any imbalances of power or control
  • Honest discussions about comfort levels, boundaries, and desires are essential for ensuring both parties are on the same page

CONSENT & THE LAW IN B.C.

In British Columbia, the age of consent for sexual activity is 16 years old. This is the general legal age at which a person can consent to sexual activity. However, there are important exceptions and nuances:

Close-in-Age Exceptions
  •  12 and 13 years old: Can consent to sexual activity with someone less than 2 years older, as long as the relationship is not exploitative.
  • 14 and 15 years old: Can consent to sexual activity with someone less than 5 years older, as long as the relationship is not exploitative.
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Exploitative Relationships Consent is not valid in cases where there is a relationship of authority, trust, dependency, or other exploitative circumstances (e.g., teacher-student, coach-player). Even if the age gap fits the close-in-age exceptions, the relationship must still be non-exploitative. 
No Consent Below Age 12
Anyone under the age of 12 cannot legally consent to any form of sexual activity, regardless of the age of the other person.
Legal and Emotional Implications
While these laws provide a legal framework, emotional readiness, is equally critical in any romantic or sexual relationship.
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CONSENT IS LIKE A CUP OF TEA

This is a simple and effective video that uses the analogy of offering someone a cup of tea to explain the concept of consent. it breaks down this important topic in a clear, relatable, and often humorous way.
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WHY WE NEED TO CHANGE THE WAY BOYS THINK ABOUT CONSENT

This video explores how societal expectations around masculinity often distort young men‘s understanding of consent. It highlights the importance of open conversations, education, and redefining what healthy relationships look like. It encourages young men to embrace empathy, respect, and accountability in their interactions.

SUPPORTING HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS 

Parents can play an important role in helping their teens navigate the ups and downs of relationships. By encouraging open communication, parents can create an environment where teens feel comfortable discussing their relationships and any challenges they might face. It‘s important to talk about and model what healthy relationships look like, emphasizing respect, equality, and mutual support. Encouraging teens to set boundaries and express their needs in a relationship helps them understand their own worth and teaches them to expect the same from others.
Parents can also guide their teens in recognizing unhealthy behaviors, such as controlling actions or pressure to act in ways that don‘t feel right. Letting them know that it‘s okay to walk away from relationships that aren‘t healthy is key. Offering guidance and resources like counseling or additional trusted adults to talk with can make a big difference as teens learn to form positive relationships.

Peer influence can play a significant role in teen relationships. Friends may encourage behaviors or attitudes that aren‘t always healthy or true to their values. Social media can amplify this influence, often presenting unrealistic versions of relationships that don't reflect real-life connections.  Encouraging critical thinking about social media and peer opinions creates independence, helping teens stay true to themselves while navigating the social world around them.
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HOW DO I HELP MY DAUGHTER GET PAST AN UGLY RUMOUR?

Has your teen been the target of a hurtful rumor? In this episode, Dr. Lisa Damour and Reena explore middle and high school social dynamics, offering strategies to support teens dealing with damaging gossip. They discuss building new friendships, speaking up for the truth, keeping perspective during tough times, when to involve the school, and how to handle rumors about others.

HOW SHOULD MY SON DEAL WITH TRASH TALKING FRIENDS?

Is your my son dealing with trash-talking and competitive behavior among friends? Dr. Lisa Damour and Reena address how boys often navigate social dynamics in middle school, where trash-talking and rivalry can be common. Dr. Lisa shares advice on how parents can empathize with their kids, start conversations about discomfort with these behaviors, and guide them through this phase with practical strategies.
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THE ERASE REPORTING TOOL
Learn about an online reporting tool available to students to seek help or submit reports if you see or hear something that concerns you.
SCHOOL POSTER
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This poster suggests that a smile is one of the easiest and most natural ways to take the first step toward a new friendship. A smile demonstrates openness, kindness, and a willingness to connect, creating a safe space for conversations to begin.

A small gesture like a smile can make a difference.


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